// Copyright 2014 The Bazel Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
package com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages;

import static com.google.common.base.Throwables.throwIfInstanceOf;
import static com.google.common.base.Throwables.throwIfUnchecked;

import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.common.collect.Sets;
import com.google.common.util.concurrent.SettableFuture;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.actions.ThreadStateReceiver;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.IgnoredSubdirectories;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.cmdline.PackageIdentifier;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.concurrent.ThreadSafety;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.packages.Globber.BadGlobException;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.profiler.SilentCloseable;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.util.Pair;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.Dirent;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.FileStatus;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.Path;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.PathFragment;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.SyscallCache;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.UnixGlob;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.UnixGlob.FilesystemOps;
import com.google.devtools.build.lib.vfs.UnixGlobPathDiscriminator;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * Caches the results of glob evaluations for a single package. Has lifetime of evaluation of that
 * package.
 */
@ThreadSafety.ThreadCompatible
public class GlobCache {
  /**
   * A mapping from glob expressions (e.g. "*.java") to the list of files it matched (in the order
   * returned by VFS) at the time the package was constructed. Required for sound dependency
   * analysis.
   *
   * <p>We don't use a Multimap because it provides no way to distinguish "key not present" from
   * (key -> {}).
   */
  private final Map<Pair<String, Globber.Operation>, Future<List<Path>>> globCache =
      new HashMap<>();

  /** The directory in which our package's BUILD file resides. */
  private final Path packageDirectory;

  /** The name of the package we belong to. */
  private final PackageIdentifier packageId;

  private final CountingFilesystemOps filesystemOps;

  private final int maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit;

  /** The thread pool for glob evaluation. */
  private final Executor globExecutor;

  private final AtomicBoolean globalStarted = new AtomicBoolean(false);

  private final CachingPackageLocator packageLocator;

  private final IgnoredSubdirectories ignoredSubdirectories;

  /**
   * Create a glob expansion cache.
   *
   * @param packageDirectory globs will be expanded relatively to this directory.
   * @param packageId the name of the package this cache belongs to.
   * @param locator the package locator.
   * @param globExecutor thread pool for glob evaluation.
   * @param maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit the number of directories to eagerly traverse on the first
   *     glob for a given package, in order to warm the filesystem. -1 means do no eager traversal.
   *     See {@link
   *     com.google.devtools.build.lib.pkgcache.PackageOptions#maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisitInGlobbing}.
   */
  public GlobCache(
      final Path packageDirectory,
      final PackageIdentifier packageId,
      final IgnoredSubdirectories ignoredSubdirectories,
      final CachingPackageLocator locator,
      SyscallCache syscallCache,
      Executor globExecutor,
      int maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit,
      ThreadStateReceiver threadStateReceiverForMetrics) {
    this.packageDirectory = Preconditions.checkNotNull(packageDirectory);
    this.packageId = Preconditions.checkNotNull(packageId);
    Preconditions.checkNotNull(globExecutor);
    this.globExecutor =
        command ->
            globExecutor.execute(
                () -> {
                  try (SilentCloseable ignored = threadStateReceiverForMetrics.started()) {
                    command.run();
                  }
                });
    this.filesystemOps = new CountingFilesystemOps(syscallCache);
    this.maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit = maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit;

    Preconditions.checkNotNull(locator);
    this.packageLocator = locator;
    this.ignoredSubdirectories = ignoredSubdirectories;
  }

  private boolean globCacheShouldTraverseDirectory(Path directory) {
    if (directory.equals(packageDirectory)) {
      return true;
    }

    PathFragment subPackagePath =
        packageId.getPackageFragment().getRelative(directory.relativeTo(packageDirectory));

    if (ignoredSubdirectories.matchingEntry(subPackagePath) != null) {
      return false;
    }

    return !isSubPackage(PackageIdentifier.create(packageId.getRepository(), subPackagePath));
  }

  private boolean isSubPackage(Path directory) {
    return isSubPackage(
        PackageIdentifier.create(
            packageId.getRepository(),
            packageId.getPackageFragment().getRelative(directory.relativeTo(packageDirectory))));
  }

  private boolean isSubPackage(PackageIdentifier subPackageId) {
    return packageLocator.getBuildFileForPackage(subPackageId) != null;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the future result of evaluating glob "pattern" against this package's directory, using
   * the package's cache of previously-started globs if possible.
   *
   * @return the list of paths matching the pattern, relative to the package's directory.
   * @throws BadGlobException if the glob was syntactically invalid, or contained uplevel
   *     references.
   */
  Future<List<Path>> getGlobUnsortedAsync(String pattern, Globber.Operation globberOperation)
      throws BadGlobException {
    Future<List<Path>> cached = globCache.get(Pair.of(pattern, globberOperation));
    if (cached == null) {
      if (maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit > -1 && !globalStarted.getAndSet(true)) {
        packageDirectory.prefetchPackageAsync(maxDirectoriesToEagerlyVisit);
      }
      cached = safeGlobUnsorted(pattern, globberOperation);
      setGlobPaths(pattern, globberOperation, cached);
    }
    return cached;
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  List<String> getGlobUnsorted(String pattern)
      throws IOException, BadGlobException, InterruptedException {
    return getGlobUnsorted(pattern, Globber.Operation.FILES_AND_DIRS);
  }

  @VisibleForTesting
  protected List<String> getGlobUnsorted(String pattern, Globber.Operation globberOperation)
      throws IOException, BadGlobException, InterruptedException {
    Future<List<Path>> futureResult = getGlobUnsortedAsync(pattern, globberOperation);
    List<Path> globPaths = fromFuture(futureResult);
    // Replace the UnixGlob.GlobFuture with a completed future object, to allow
    // garbage collection of the GlobFuture and GlobVisitor objects.
    if (!(futureResult instanceof SettableFuture<?>)) {
      SettableFuture<List<Path>> completedFuture = SettableFuture.create();
      completedFuture.set(globPaths);
      globCache.put(Pair.of(pattern, globberOperation), completedFuture);
    }

    List<String> result = Lists.newArrayListWithCapacity(globPaths.size());
    for (Path path : globPaths) {
      String relative = path.relativeTo(packageDirectory).getPathString();
      // Don't permit "" (meaning ".") in the glob expansion, since it's
      // invalid as a label, plus users should say explicitly if they
      // really want to name the package directory.
      if (!relative.isEmpty()) {
        result.add(relative);
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

  /** Adds glob entries to the cache. */
  private void setGlobPaths(
      String pattern, Globber.Operation globberOperation, Future<List<Path>> result) {
    globCache.put(Pair.of(pattern, globberOperation), result);
  }

  /** Actually execute a glob against the filesystem. Otherwise similar to getGlob(). */
  @VisibleForTesting
  Future<List<Path>> safeGlobUnsorted(String pattern, Globber.Operation globberOperation)
      throws BadGlobException {
    // Forbidden patterns:
    if (pattern.indexOf('?') != -1) {
      throw new BadGlobException("glob pattern '" + pattern + "' contains forbidden '?' wildcard");
    }
    // Patterns forbidden by UnixGlob library:
    String error = UnixGlob.checkPatternForError(pattern);
    if (error != null) {
      throw new BadGlobException(error + " (in glob pattern '" + pattern + "')");
    }
    try {
      return new UnixGlob.Builder(packageDirectory, filesystemOps)
          .addPattern(pattern)
          .setPathDiscriminator(new GlobUnixPathDiscriminator(globberOperation))
          .setExecutor(globExecutor)
          .globAsync();
    } catch (UnixGlob.BadPattern ex) {
      throw new BadGlobException(ex.getMessage());
    }
  }

  /** Sanitize the future exceptions - the only expected checked exception is IOException. */
  private static List<Path> fromFuture(Future<List<Path>> future)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    try {
      return future.get();
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      Throwable cause = e.getCause();
      throwIfInstanceOf(cause, IOException.class);
      throwIfInstanceOf(cause, InterruptedException.class);
      throwIfUnchecked(cause);
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Helper for evaluating the build language expression "glob(includes, excludes)" in the context
   * of this package.
   *
   * <p>Called by PackageFactory via Package.
   */
  public List<String> globUnsorted(
      List<String> includes,
      List<String> excludes,
      Globber.Operation globberOperation,
      boolean allowEmpty)
      throws IOException, BadGlobException, InterruptedException {
    // Start globbing all patterns in parallel. The getGlob() calls below will
    // block on an individual pattern's results, but the other globs can
    // continue in the background.
    for (String pattern : includes) {
      @SuppressWarnings("unused")
      Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = getGlobUnsortedAsync(pattern, globberOperation);
    }

    HashSet<String> results = new HashSet<>();
    for (String pattern : includes) {
      List<String> items = getGlobUnsorted(pattern, globberOperation);
      if (!allowEmpty && items.isEmpty()) {
        GlobberUtils.throwBadGlobExceptionEmptyResult(pattern, globberOperation);
      }
      results.addAll(items);
    }
    try {
      UnixGlob.removeExcludes(results, excludes);
    } catch (UnixGlob.BadPattern ex) {
      throw new BadGlobException(ex.getMessage());
    }
    if (!allowEmpty && results.isEmpty()) {
      GlobberUtils.throwBadGlobExceptionAllExcluded(globberOperation);
    }
    return new ArrayList<>(results);
  }

  public long getGlobFilesystemOperationCost() {
    return filesystemOps.filesystemOpCost.get();
  }

  public Set<Pair<String, Globber.Operation>> getKeySet() {
    return globCache.keySet();
  }

  /** Block on the completion of all potentially-abandoned background tasks. */
  public void finishBackgroundTasks() {
    finishBackgroundTasks(globCache.values());
  }

  private static void finishBackgroundTasks(Collection<Future<List<Path>>> tasks) {
    for (Future<List<Path>> task : tasks) {
      try {
        fromFuture(task);
      } catch (CancellationException | IOException | InterruptedException e) {
        // Ignore: If this was still going on in the background, some other
        // failure already occurred.
      }
    }
  }

  public void cancelBackgroundTasks() {
    cancelBackgroundTasks(globCache.values());
  }

  private static void cancelBackgroundTasks(Collection<Future<List<Path>>> tasks) {
    for (Future<List<Path>> task : tasks) {
      task.cancel(true);
    }

    for (Future<List<Path>> task : tasks) {
      try {
        task.get();
      } catch (CancellationException | ExecutionException | InterruptedException e) {
        // We don't care. Point is, the task does not bother us anymore.
      }
    }
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "GlobCache for " + packageId + " in " + packageDirectory;
  }

  /**
   * Used by 'glob()' and 'subpackages()' with UnixGlob to determine if a directory should be
   * traversed when recursing through a filesystem directory structure or include a Path in the
   * result. This essentially filters out a set of ignored prefixes and then checks to see if a
   * given sub-dir actually represents a sub-package or not when traversing.
   *
   * <p>The logic of including inspects the Globber.Operation to determine if it will include all
   * files, include directories or subpackages in the output.
   */
  private class GlobUnixPathDiscriminator implements UnixGlobPathDiscriminator {
    private final Globber.Operation globberOperation;

    GlobUnixPathDiscriminator(Globber.Operation globberOperation) {
      this.globberOperation = globberOperation;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldTraverseDirectory(Path directory) {
      return globCacheShouldTraverseDirectory(directory);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldIncludePathInResult(Path path, boolean isDirectory) {
      return switch (globberOperation) {
        case FILES_AND_DIRS -> !isDirectory || !isSubPackage(path);
        case SUBPACKAGES -> {
          // no files, or root pkg
          if (!isDirectory || path.equals(packageDirectory)) {
            yield false;
          }
          yield isSubPackage(path);
        }
        case FILES -> !isDirectory;
      };
    }
  }

  /**
   * A {@link FilesystemOps} implementation that delegates to a {@link SyscallCache} but also
   * computes a total cost of the unique filesystem operations (regardless or not if there were
   * actually performed or cached; this way the cost is deterministic for a set of glob operations).
   *
   * <p>{@link #statIfFound} costs <code>1</code> and {@link #readdir} costs <code>1 + D</code>,
   * where <code>D</code> is the number of dirents.
   */
  private static class CountingFilesystemOps implements FilesystemOps {
    private final SyscallCache syscallCache;
    private final AtomicLong filesystemOpCost = new AtomicLong(0L);

    private final Set<Path> pathsForStatIfFound = Sets.newConcurrentHashSet();
    private final Set<Path> pathsForReaddir = Sets.newConcurrentHashSet();

    private CountingFilesystemOps(SyscallCache syscallCache) {
      this.syscallCache = syscallCache;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public FileStatus statIfFound(Path path) throws IOException {
      if (pathsForStatIfFound.add(path)) {
        filesystemOpCost.incrementAndGet();
      }
      return syscallCache.statIfFound(path);
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<Dirent> readdir(Path path) throws IOException {
      boolean uniqueOp = pathsForReaddir.add(path);
      if (uniqueOp) {
        filesystemOpCost.incrementAndGet();
      }
      Collection<Dirent> result = syscallCache.readdir(path);
      if (uniqueOp) {
        filesystemOpCost.addAndGet(result.size());
      }
      return result;
    }
  }
}
